What is the difference between my principal-and-interest payment and my total monthly payment?
Short answer
The principal-and-interest payment covers the amount you borrowed and the charge for borrowing it. The total monthly amount due usually also includes homeowners insurance, property taxes, and sometimes mortgage insurance, often collected through escrow. On a typical fixed-rate fully amortizing loan, scheduled principal and interest stay level; on an ARM or another adjustable loan, that component can change.
Full explanation
is the amount you borrowed and must repay. is what the lender charges for lending the money. Together they are the main part of most monthly mortgage payments.
For most borrowers, the total amount sent to the mortgage company also includes homeowners insurance and taxes held in an escrow account, and it may include private mortgage insurance. The CFPB summarizes that total as principal plus interest plus mortgage insurance, if any, plus escrow for insurance and tax. Condo, co-op, or homeowners-association fees are usually paid separately.
On a typical fixed-rate, fully amortizing mortgage, the scheduled principal-and-interest payment generally remains level if you pay as agreed. On an adjustable-rate mortgage or another loan with adjustable payment features, principal and interest can change when the rate or payment feature adjusts. Taxes, homeowners insurance, escrow amounts, and mortgage insurance can also cause the total amount due to differ from principal and interest or to change over time. The estimated total appears on page 1 of the Loan Estimate under Projected Payments. If no escrow is listed, you will pay taxes and insurance directly. Compare offers using both the principal-and-interest figure and a complete monthly housing cost.